Key words: mass information, means, journalist, journalistic investigation, personnel, advanced training, professional level.
Reforming all spheres of socio-political and socio-economic life in our country, changing people's world view are of great importance for building a democratic state governed by the rule of law and building a civil society. The leader of our country has repeatedly stressed: «The main thing is that we must understand that if we don't solve the problem of personnel, it will be difficult for us to count on the expected results and any changes in life. It is necessary to reform the education system, putting the training of personnel who meet modern requirements at the forefront» [3, 63].
The issues of personnel training for the mass media system are decisive for establishing the social status of our state and free development of society. In the conditions of globalization of the modern world, sharp analytical materials placed in mass media acquire special importance for free expression of their thoughts and their attitude to what is happening.
Three institutions of higher education — the National University of Uzbekistan, the University of World Languages and Nukus State University — currently provide training for journalists in the country. The International Centre for Journalists, which has established links with international associations and associations of foreign countries, provides retraining for journalists. As a result, our journalists have the opportunity to improve their qualifications in developed countries abroad.
The rapid updating of information and the development of information communication requires all media to keep up with the times. It is not a matter of increasing the number of television channels, but of improving the quality of television programmes. And in this aspect journalists' footage has a special place. Certainly, the role of television, as the most influential mass media, is the most important in solving the tasks set for the mass media. Our television channels need to be enriched with new quality programs. And this issue is directly related to qualified personnel. To prepare independent and complete (full-length) programmes, talented journalists are selected at the competition's inauguration, whose skills must be constantly and consistently improved. In this regard, our President I. A. Karimov noted: «It is necessary to improve the professional level of journalists by organizing trainings and professional development at leading educational institutions and TV and radio journalistic centers in our country and abroad. [2,55]. The state and society have set a number of serious tasks for journalists, which include updating the structure and content of media activities.
In this regard, there is a need to strengthen the ideological polygon of mass media. The leading principle of national TV channels should be the analytical position of journalists, qualitative and quantitative growth of analytical genres. Special attention should be paid to the coverage of current complex issues: on each TV channel no less than two analytical TV programs should be given in daytime programs. In some cases, apart from TV professionals, it is desirable to involve public correspondents and representatives of various social groups and professions in TV programs, since their participation in analytical programs is of great importance for the formation of public opinion.
In order to improve the content and genres of analytical and critical television programmes, at least two of the most popular journalists should be sent each year to improve their qualifications in the leading TV and radio companies of the world. It is also important to involve experimentation journalists in analytical programmes. At the same time, it is necessary to expand the horizons of journalists, create conditions for their work experience and develop their own journalistic position in the analytical assessment of the modern global system;
In the conditions of modern information and communication technologies development, it is necessary, firstly, to accelerate the process of information globalization, and secondly, to radically change the concept and functions of traditional mass media. First of all, it is impossible not to take into account the fact that the unlimited possibilities of the Internet to remotely deliver any information to all comers in a short period of time and to bring them up to date with world events have greatly facilitated the tasks of journalists. In addition, electronic versions of printed media have also become popular. As a result, a special status — Internet journalism — has appeared in mass media.
«A whole army of non-professional journalists joined the Internet journalism. We think that attracting people who are far from journalism as disseminators of information through the Internet is not quite the right way, because the «handwriting» of a professional journalist is largely different from the unstable «pen» of a professional. Therefore, professional journalists should constantly sharpen their analytical skills, while representatives of non-professional groups should familiarize themselves with the basics of journalism and the creative skills of journalists (of course, it depends on their desire) [1, 197].
In order to develop analytical genres in the mass media of Uzbekistan, each of the media should purposefully organize social departments to work with analytical materials and attract leading specialists in a particular field to participate in programs, since the analytical orientation of the mass media has always been considered the basis of its activities. Opening analytical departments in mass media and improving the qualification of young journalists in this direction is a very urgent problem today.
It is recommended to hold lectures and practical classes (once a week) aimed at raising the level of analytical knowledge of young journalists, especially since the State Program «Year of Young Generation», adopted on December 9, 2009 on the basis of the Decree of the President of the Republic, provides for continuous raising the level of knowledge of young personnel.
The organization of special contests among television channels for the best analytical television programme genre is important for improving the professional skills of journalists. In the process of holding such contests, journalists' creative research is intensified, their skills are improved and various individual approaches to the coverage of analytical material and the use of non-standard forms of presentation are implemented. Of course, the interest of young journalists in analytical activities in general and the search for relevant stories and topics and original ways of their disclosure is stimulated.
The above-mentioned makes it possible to assert that the strength and reality of analytical genres and qualified journalistic cadres form the basis of mass media.
References:
- Dustmukhammedov H. The problems of a journalist’s professional ethics (in Uzbek). — Tashkent: Yangi asr avlodi, 2007. p. 432
- Karimov I. A. Modern professionals — an important source of our development // On the way of safety and stability (in Uzbek). 6 — vol. — Tashkent: Uzbekistan, 1998. — p. 225
- Kazakbaev T. The basics of journalism. — Tashkent: Musiqa nashirioti, 2007. — p. 175
