The article delves into the meaning of the Latin language, which is now an international scientific language in biomedical disciplines and nomenclatures, as well as a language used by doctors and medical professionals all over the world. In this regard, any specialist working in the medical field should be familiar with Latin-based medical terminology. This paper investigates the issues that arise during the assimilation of medical terminology and its subsequent use in the study of various medical disciplines, including pathophysiology.
Keywords: Latin, assimilation, difficulty, pathophysiology, medical terminology, clinical terminology.
Latin is a prehistoric Indo-European written language. The Latin alphabet is the basis for writing in many modern languages. Today, no one speaks Latin, and it is considered a dead language, but its impact on world civilization is still felt. It should also be noted that Latin is the ancestor of many languages.
When we consider the period of medicine's emergence and formation as a science, it is clear that we are dealing with antiquity. The first medical textbooks were written in Latin, Greek, and Roman. They were the most commonly used in ancient times. All of the works could have been done in hieroglyphs or cuneiform if we assume medicine existed much earlier. Fortunately, this did not happen.
These factors contributed to the rapid development of the Latin language, which was distinguished by the following characteristics:
- The Latin language, which was helpful in the formation of many European languages.
- Latin has evolved into a universal language for specialized communication, such as that of lawyers, doctors, and philosophers.
- The majority of ancient scientific works were written in Latin.
In the event of a patient bypass, the doctor can discuss the main issues of treatment in Latin. This allows us to talk about a person's unpleasant experiences without giving the patient the opportunity to become discouraged and sort things out on their own.
There is no way in medicine without the Latin language, i.e. when mastering the profession of a doctor, it is necessary to master special medical terminology in Latin. The main feature of modern medical terminology is its centuries-old use of the Latin language. Therefore, the study of the Latin language should be given special importance from the first day of study at a medical university, since although Latin and Greek are considered dead languages, they «come to life» in the professional sphere of doctors [9].
Modern medical terminology includes more than 500 thousand terms. Mastering such a large number of terms is very difficult and difficult [10].
Medical terminology includes three sections:
1) Anatomical terminology. To designate areas of the body, organs and their parts, various concepts in anatomy, special terms are used in Latin, the list of which is called anatomical nomenclature (Nomina Anatomica).
2) Clinical terminology consists of Greek-Latin doublet designations of a sick organism. This also includes all processes and phenomena, methods of diagnosis and treatment, the names of medical devices, i.e., what relates to the sick body. Some terms are ready-made words from Latin or Greek, some terms are formed using prefixes, suffixes. Today, there are about 1,500 clinical terms, of which about 150 terms make up the core [11].
3) Pharmaceutical terminology includes the names of drugs, dosage forms, preparations, and plants. Students learn the structure of the recipe, the design of the Latin part of the recipe, the chemical nomenclature in Latin, and the Latin names of acids, oxides, and salts while studying pharmaceutical terminology.
Over time, medical workers in professional communication switched to national languages, but Greek-Latin elements, words, and phrases continue to dominate, owing to their universal national character, so disease names, diagnoses, and treatments are recognized in any language.
Latin is currently used as an international scientific language in a number of biomedical disciplines and nomenclatures that are studied and used by medical professionals from all over the world. Therefore, it is absolutely obvious that any specialist working in the field of medicine has the principles of education and understanding of Latin medical terminology [2]. In all medical sciences: in anatomy, histology, embryology, microbiology, microbiology, pathological anatomy and clinical disciplines, as well as in pharmacology, this tradition of nomination has never been interrupted and continues to this day [1].
The Latin language is needed for communication between specialists speaking different national languages; international botanical and zoological nomenclatures (nomenclatures of tumors, names of pathological processes) have been created; there is experience in creating dictionaries on clinical disciplines; in our country and a number of other countries it is customary to write prescriptions in Latin; approval of new medicines is carried out simultaneously in two languages, one of which is necessarily Latin; articles on medicinal raw materials and medicines are also given in several languages, including Latin. As a result, the content of cognitive activity is transformed into a professional one, which is essential at the stage of obtaining a profession.
Doctors and other medical professionals have switched to national languages in professional communication over time, but Greek-Latin elements, words, and phrases continue to dominate, owing to their universal national character, so disease names, diagnoses, and treatments are recognized in any language.
Latin is now used as an international scientific language in a variety of biomedical disciplines and nomenclatures studied and used by doctors and medical professionals worldwide. As a result, it is self-evident that any specialist working in the field of medicine is educated and understands Latin medical terminology.
The study's hypothesis is that a significant reduction in the number of hours of practical Latin classes has a negative impact on the assimilation of medical terminology for the study of pathophysiology.
To sum up this tradition of nomination has never been interrupted and continues to this day in all medical sciences: anatomy, histology, embryology, microbiology, microbiology, pathological anatomy, and clinical disciplines, as well as pharmacology.
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