Keywords: translation stylistics, literary heritage, classical poet, nationality.
In the 18th century, Magtymguly Pyragy called the people to unity and harmony, dreamed of a free and happy life, and remembered his precious poems. His poems have not lost their relevance in our days, they are spoken in our tongues, and they are songs in our hearts. Here, the lines of Magtymguly Pyragy's admonition poem «Baş bolmaň» «Do not head to a house without a mouth» highlight the need for unity everywhere. He emphasizes that no work can be done without unity.
Magtymguly Pyragy's creativity is widely recognized throughout the world as the prime example of the spiritual values of the Turkmen people. His worldview and philosophy, which are focused on nationalism and human values, have been of interest to the scientists of our country and the world, as well as the general public, for almost three centuries.
Magtymguly's works have a special place in introducing Turkmenistan and its national outlook to the world. That is why the translation of the poet's works into world languages is of great importance. Until now, the works of the great Turkmen thinker have been translated into dozens of languages. A tradition of translating the poet's works into some world languages has been formed, following the original principles.
The literary heritage of Magtymguly Pyragy, the great thinker-poet of the East, has been world-famous for many centuries, and his creativity, which raises issues related to universal human life, has attracted the attention of famous scientists. The poet's works have been translated into world languages and published again and again.
The literary heritage of Turkmen thinker and poet Magtymguly Pyragy begins to attract the attention of scholars in the middle of the 19th century. At that time, information about the life and creation of Magtymguly appeared in European literary sources.
Magtymguly's poems have been translated into several languages of the world. Translation is an art. To be a master of this art, a translator must have a good knowledge of the source language, the target language, and the content of the work being translated. The quality of the translation depends on the translator's understanding of the concept of the translator's skill. The original must be translated mechanically, not literally, but literally. Thus, the translator is not required to mechanically translate each sentence word by word, but to recreate the original text in its fullness and richness with the means of his mother tongue, the translation should give the reader a complete and accurate understanding of the original text and its author.
Polish poet and scholar L. Hodzko-Borejko was the first to translate three of his poems into English and publish them in London in 1842, along with brief biographical information about Magtymguly.
In 1849, the famous Hungarian Turkologist and traveler A. Vamberi published 31 poems of Magtymguly and 9 parts of other poems in their original form, that is, in the form of the Arabic alphabet. Magtymguly placed two of his poems in the original version in «Turkish Khrestomatia».
Early 20th century Russian scientists began to study, publicize, publish and spread the literary heritage of Magtymguly Pyragy.
The heritage left by our great Turkmen thinker, the classic poet, becomes the intellectual treasure of the Turkmen people, unites the nation, invites us to use light and dark, crooked and straight, white and black, to think, to think, to talk. The translation of a part of this great treasure into English was carried out in collaboration with the English poet Brian Oldis based on the verbatim translation of a prominent Turkmen scholar who settled in England.
Depending on the structure of each language and the scope of the word meaning, the name of the work, poem, in most cases, according to the content, tends to be taken in short and standard form. From this point of view, if we look at the poems of our great poet Magtymguly, the name of the poem called «Turgul» (Dream) was translated into English as «The Revelation». The full meaning of the poem means «that the fate of the city was revealed to him in his dream, that miracle was inspired by God». The translator's use of the word «The Revelation» (bookish) in the sense of «revelation» proves that the future was revealed to him through the poet's «wrapped» dream and is the basis for the translation. The word used in this translation fully conveys the deep meaning of the poem and the style of the book.
Our grandfather Magtymguly called «Turgul!" The translation of the poem they said (Dream) was also performed by the Turkmen scholar, professor Romanguly Mustakov. On February 23, 2014 page of Diyar magazine, «Turgul!" they said (Dream) «Arise!" they said (Dream), given on a literal basis. However, when the scholar explained this poem in his article «Five poems from the poetry of Magtymguly», (the right to reveal the truth to people was given him through revelation by the saints), he hesitated about «what the prophets revealed in the dream of spreading the truth». He uses the word «revelation». In our opinion, Brian Oldis's translation is closer to the European readers, and in style matches the language of poetry.
The poem «The Riddle: A Vision» by our poet Magtymguly confirms that it is a poem that breaks from the same veil as the above-mentioned poem. In the English translation of the title of this poem, the word «riddle» has two meanings, meaning mystery and riddle; The word «vision» has six meanings: 1) vision; 2) foresight; 3) form; 4) visibility; 5) vision; 6) water. Among these, it matches the content of the poem with the meanings of «foreseeing and vision, dream, dream». In the last line of the poem, «This secret will open a door or a sofa», translating the title of the poem «Boldum Kryanya» into English by the translators, making the poem «The Riddle: «Çekem diýseň Ýusup deý» «Crying-crying». «I don't know» «I took up my pen», «Me» «The pains of love» poems were analyzed.
Magtymguly Pyragy's dream period is coming true in the initiatives of our Hero and the President of Turkmenistan, who continues the path of his father. Today, the Turkmen people live a happy life. Broad paths are opening up to our youth in the world of creativity.
References:
- K. M. Kuliev. “Makhtumkuli” — Magaryph, 1987
- “Folk novels about Makhtumkuli ” — TDNG, 1959
- Makhtumkuli’s lyrics world and world languages — TDNG, 2014
