In the Republic of Kazakhstan to the students profile information may include students enrolled in the specialty 5B060200 — Informatics, 5B070200 — Automation and Control, 5B070300 — Information Systems, 5B070400 — Computers and software, 5B070500 — Mathematical and computer modeling. For example, in 2014 in the Russian Federation according to the National Classification of specialties of higher scientific qualification OK 017–2013 [1] to the students profile information may include specialty: 051301 — System analysis, management and information processing, 051305 — Elements and devices of computer equipment and control systems, 051306 — Automation and control of technological processes and manufactures, 051310 — Management in social and economic systems, 051311 — Mathematical and software of computers, complexes and computer networks, 051312 — Computer-aided design, 051317 — Theoretical foundations of Computer Science, 051318 — Mathematical modeling, numerical methods, and software, 051319 — Methods and systems of information protection, information security, 051320 — Quantum information processing methods.
Despite the wide range of specialties and a sufficiently large number of graduates, there is an acute shortage of Bachelor of Information Profile, IT-specialists. In the list of promising professions of information technology (Information Technologies), computers and communications occupy a special place. These industries have already changed the world and continue to play a key role in its further transformation. Without computers and information technology, we no longer do, and people understanding them — everywhere in great demand. Canada, Germany and other countries give the green light to foreign IT-specialists, just to fill existing vacancies. The Republic of Kazakhstan requires more and more specialists in IT. In the presence of the necessary qualifications and experience, they are in great demand in the global labor market.
The main difficulty in the way of solving the problem of matching supply and demand in the IT-sector labor market creates a high degree of changing in the development of information technologies themselves, and in the specific requirements of enterprises and organizations (employers) to IT-specialists. This fact leads to a number of specific features of the labor market of IT-specialists, among which as the most important, there are four main ones:
1. Systematic development of new technologies, software platforms and methodologies for IT-solutions of problems leads to a drastic reduction in life cycle of modern information technologies and IT-knowledge and skills.
2. A modern IT-specialists have to solve the problems that lie at the intersection of information technology to various fields of activity that require them to acquire knowledge beyond the limits of their technical competence. At the same time they have to carry out their activities on a joint program and subject areas that require optimal management of information resources.
3. During the implementation of professional tasks become increasingly important creative abilities of IT-specialists, ability to navigate and make decisions in a variety of problem situations, the vast horizons in the field of new technologies, knowledge of foreign languages, etc.
4. Often the labor market can be traced such contradictory phenomena such as lack of employer demand generated in certain IT-specialists and along with that high self-esteem of the professional level in a significant proportion of IT-specialists.
Demand for specialists (workers), their qualitative parameters, qualification requirements to them formed the labor market. The last is the starting point from which the employer should make a start by search of the expert of necessary qualification on those conditions which he is able to provide. It should also be emphasized that the requirements of the real economy to the IT-professionals (learning outcomes) are not determined in the educational environment and the world of work, i.e. they are formulated by employers [2, 3].
In 2014, the company Dynamics Technologies (Astana) formed a special structure Dynamics Academy, which aims to coordinate the efforts of employers, post-secondary and higher education institutions on training profile information, depending on the date. In January 2015, Dynamics Academy organized a seminar to discuss the proposed competencies of IT-specialists and academic disciplines, allowing them to form [4].
As a result of discussions defined range of disciplines that reach the main stages of software development, namely the design and development (coding) software testing support, analytics. We will consider in more detail some of the offered.
In the second year of study students majoring Information Profile is proposed discipline «Fundamentals of object-oriented programming on the platform.NET». In the course of studying this discipline, students must master the skills and abilities of modern object-oriented programming using C # language on the platform MS.NET. The objectives of the course are to teach students to create a desktop application in C # GUI and database connectivity with the help of technology Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) and ADO.NET in the conditions of constantly changing requirements. As a result of studying of a course students have to know the basic provisions of the object-oriented programming (OOP); concepts and key components of the platform MS.NET; control language constructs of C #; approaches OOP in C # on the.NET platform and additional language constructs; an introduction to technology Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) to create desktop applications; the basics of working with databases through ADO.NET; the life cycle of software development and overall life-cycle model.
As a result of studying of a course students have to be able to create C #: console program input-output data; desktop GUI applications using WPF; custom applications with database attach through technology ADO.NET; Examples of desktop applications with the use of a cascade (waterfall) development model in the conditions of constantly changing requirements.
In the presence of a term paper or a course project, students need to develop their own desktop Windows-based application using these disciplines in the study of technology. The development process — cascade. In process of performance of tasks, it is necessary to consider 2–3-fold change of requirements to the software product.
Third-year students of IT-specialties are offered to study elective subjects «Technology design and development software», «Fundamentals of Web Development», «Development of desktop applications with WPF», «Modern means of working with databases», etc.
Discipline «Technology design and development software» is proposed to study the 5 and 6 semester. The aim of the course is the application of modern practices for designing application architecture, as well as templates and design principles with advanced designs of C # platform MS.NET. Course Objectives: to provide design skills of architecture and design applications on MS.NET in an ever-changing requirements and restrictions.
As a result of studying of a course students have to know the basic principles and patterns of building architecture and design for the development of successful software solutions; approaches of the correct choice of strategy and design patterns that will help in the design of the layers, components and services solutions; definition and implementation of key technical solutions; definition and implementation of the main indicators of quality and cross-cutting functions for the solution; organization of the choice of technology for the implementation of software solutions.
As a result of studying of a course students have to be able to: create desktop GUI applications using advanced tools C #; use options of basic software architecture solutions; Examples develop desktop applications using design patterns in an ever-changing requirements; right to choose methods and guidelines that will help in the implementation of software solutions.
To students it is necessary to develop independently during performance of a term paper or the course project a desktop Windows application or to remake and develop established in the course «Basics of object-oriented programming on the platform.NET» with using of practices and principles outlined in the course. Software requirements should be changed 2–3 times. Students should draw conclusions on the correct application of design principles that enhance the flexibility of the software.
To study the discipline «Development of desktop applications with WPF» offered only 2 credits. The aim of the course is to expand the study of technology Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) environment Visual Studio. Discipline objectives: acquiring skills creating rich desktop application with a graphical user interface using the technology of WPF.
As a result of studying of a course students have to be aware of the principles and approaches of constructing user interfaces, basic techniques and possibilities development environment based user interface technology WPF, tools for creating dynamic interfaces and bind interfaces to external data.
As a result of studying of a course students have to be able to: create a desktop Windows-based application with a rich graphical user interface using WPF, meet the needs and expectations of end users; generate user interfaces using development tools and interface description language XAML; configure and deploy WPF-application.
The used languages, programming environment, libraries and frameworks: C #, Microsoft Visual Studio Express 2012 for Windows Desktop. In the presence of a term paper or a course project, students need to develop desktop Windows-based application with a rich graphical user interface using WPF.
The aim of the course «Modern means of database» is the study of the SQL query language and modern approaches ORM-access databases. The main objective of the course is defined as programming skills and connections sources database using ORM-technology ADO.NET Entity Framework and NHibernate.
As a result of studying of a course students have to know the language for querying relational databases and SQL procedural language extension to SQL for MS SQL Server — Transact-SQL (T-SQL); relational algebra operations and compliance proposals SQL, the concept of normalization and denormalization of data; the basic concepts of the life cycle, development, support and maintenance of databases; Introduction to MS SQL Server, its basic tools and objects; current models of access to the database and data providers on the example API-interfaces and ORM-technologies; plant and equipment and tools use ADO.NET frameworks Entity Framework and NHibernate; Patterns Unit of Work & Repository in ASP.NET MVC 5 realizing abstraction from specific connections to various data sources.
As a result of studying of a course students have to be able to: perform conceptual, logical and physical database design; use language constructs SQL and T-SQL, perform commands, procedures, transactions and queries to the database tables, to improve query performance; perform sorting and filtering data; use a variety of techniques to create and work with complex queries; understand the platform SQL Server, its basic tools and used objects (tables, views, stored procedures, functions, triggers, etc.); identify suitable strategies for creating indexes on the same column or composite; create a table in a heap or a table with clustered indexes; design the tables and choose a suitable structure; design and implement submission; use traditional and modern methods of error handling and structured exception handling techniques; store XML data and schema in SQL Server; perform basic queries against XML data; use tools frameworks ADO.NET Entity Framework and NHibernate in identifying and connecting to data sources; use patterns Unit of Work & Repository in ASP.NET MVC 5 for access to abstracted data sources.
During the course work in the discipline, students should develop a desktop or web application using NHibernate or Entity Framework-based database — MS SQL Server, using studied in the course technologies.
Third year students of IT-specialties are invited to study elective subjects «Fundamentals of web development». The aim of the teaching of the discipline is to study the basics of developing web applications using ASP.NET MVC framework 5 and language JavaScript. Problems of the discipline: the knowledge and skills to develop web applications using HTML5 / CSS3 / JavaScript / ASP.NET MVC, to get acquainted with the principles of creating software components and structures used in web sites and applications.
As a result of studying the discipline, students should know: principles and approaches to develop the basic architecture and design of web applications; Hypertext Markup Language HTML5 and Cascading Style Sheets CSS3; basic language constructs and JavaScript library jQuery; basic tools ASP.NET MVC framework 5 needed to create a simple web application.
As a result of studying of a course students have to know the role, objectives and tasks of modeling in software development life cycle; composition methodologies and modeling notation; design patterns, precedents, architectural analysis and other issues, which are discussed in the framework of iterative design processes UP; approaches of planning and risk analysis at the design stage; the composition of the analytical phase of the project to create a software product and the main stages of analysis; ways to identify, formulate, develop, test, validate and test the software requirements; as an analyst in gathering requirements, the concept of business processes and business rules; principles of UML modeling and BPMN, as well as methods and uses of these notations and languages in the practice of modern programming; main types used in UML and BPMN diagrams explaining the goals and objectives that are put before them; the composition of design and operational documents for a software product.
As a result of studying of a course students have to be able to: identify user requirements; to carry out the development of quality requirements to the software, set achievable requirements for functionality and quality; specify (draw) requirements; simulate software using UML notations and languages and BPMN; make a choice notations that should be used when creating charts, as well as their reading; use the software process modeling Enterprise Architect / PowerDesigner / MS Visio diagrams in the design; undertake the development of project documentation software solution.
The used languages, programming environment, libraries and frameworks: Enterprise Architect / PowerDesigner / MS Visio / Rational Software Architect / UMLet and BPMN Modeler MS Visio / ARIS / Business Studio / BPwin.
After the end of studying this discipline, students need during the work on thesis work to implement the analytical phase of the project software; develop a set of diagrams using BPMN-level business processes and UML-level software components to describe the interfaces between software components and services; develop terms of reference for the product, taking into account architectural approaches in the implementation of solutions.
During the implementation of training programs on the proposed disciplines are used different languages, programming environment, libraries and frameworks: C #, Microsoft Visual Studio Express 2012 for Windows Desktop, Microsoft SQL Server 2012, ADO.NET Entity Framework, NHibernate, Unit of Work & Repository, Enterprise Architect / PowerDesigner / MS Visio / Rational Software Architect / UMLet and BPMN Modeler MS Visio / ARIS / Business Studio / BPwin and others. Most of these software products are available on the companies that are IT-sphere, which act further as employers for students of IT specialties. Therefore studying of these packages is proved. However, in most universities in the country, there is the problem of financing for the purchase and maintenance of modern programming environments, libraries and frameworks.
Thus, there is an objective need to introduce in the educational process offered elective subjects. The above examples of the various elective courses in preparation for students profile information are not the only proposed.
References:
1. Vasilenko K., Buhovsev A. Profession programmer // https://docs.google.com/ document/ d/1oI7Nwn4tNBiZlO-d9vnXZIlsQ6_5i7TCSgRI60ytUMA/edit
2. Mamadzade F. R. Formation of supply and demand for IT professionals on the basis of competence models // Informasiya texnologiyaları problemləri, 2012, № 2(6), 76–84. (www.jpit.az)
3. Oleinikova O. N., Muraveva A. A. et al. Modular Technology: Design and development of educational programs. — M., Alpha-M, 2010, 256 с.
4. http://vk.com/public.phpdynamicstechnologies
