Connection of empathy with socio-psychological adaptation of freshmen students' personality



The study of the relationship between empathy and socio-psychological adaptation of freshmen showed a positive correlation. The correlation between the levels of empathy (penetration, attitudes, identification) and indicators of socio-psychological adaptation (adaptability, self-acceptance, emotional comfort) was revealed: higher empathy is associated with better adaptation.

The study involved 50 subjects: 2 groups of 1 course of the Faculty of Psychology, Belgorod State National University, Belgorod, of which 40 girls and 10 boys.

Research methods: questionnaire “Diagnostic technique of socio-psychological adaptation (SPA)” (C. R. Rogers, R. E. Diamond); questionnaire “Diagnosis of the level of empathic abilities” (V. S. Boyko).

Distribution of subjects by levels of empathy.

The distribution of subjects by levels of empathy showed that most of the subjects in the sample of 31 people have an average level of empathy (62 %). They understand other people's emotions, but do not always actively sympathize or react emotionally. They can sympathize and help by maintaining emotional distance, offering practical solutions, not just emotional support. 15 people have an underestimated level of empathy (30 %). Testees demonstrate a low level of empathy manifested in the inability to understand and empathize with the feelings of others. This is expressed in insensitivity to other people's problems, lack of sympathy and difficulty in understanding other people's point of view. As a result, it makes interpersonal relationships difficult because empathy is necessary for emotional closeness and support. Low empathy contributes to self-centeredness and ignoring others' needs. And 4 people have low empathy (8 %), People with low empathy have a harder time building trusting relationships because they do not understand or respond to others' feelings, which harms their interconnections.

The results of the analysis according to the Methodology of Diagnostics of Social and Psychological Adaptation (SPA)” (C. R. Rogers, R. E. Diamond).

Most of the sample subjects have a high level of communicative social competence (53 %). That is, they are characterized by a fairly good and fast transition to a new environment and surroundings; despite the presence of difficulties that stand in their way, as well as the change of environment after school education, the indicators of the percentage ratio we can observe that the adaptation that students of the Faculty of Psychology go through perfectly, we can even call it prematurely “successful adaptation”. even called prematurely “successful adaptation”. Fewer number of first year respondents go through adaptation with some kind of discomfort and more difficult than their fellow students (47 %). Therefore, they have some emotional discomfort with, perhaps abruptly for them, the transition to a new environment, as well as a complete change of environment during their studies. during their studies. Since they had to get used to new classmates, with whom they are less familiar that they are less familiar with than their old classmates at school, and it can also be assumed that due to the higher workload compared to the previous place of study compared to the previous place of study, the adaptation of first year students of the Faculty of Psychology is less active.

Results of statistical analysis of data using Kruskal-Wallis H-criterion.

The following indicators were found to have statistically significant features at the p≤0.05 level: “Adaptability” (Namp=3.842, Mx1=16.25, Mx2=23.12, Mx3=30.35, Mx4=0), ‘Emotional channel of empathy’ (Namp=0, 545, Mx1=22.13, Mx2=26.92, Mx3=23.96, Mx4=), “Intuitive” (Namp=0.147, Mx1=0, Mx2=24.77, Mx3=26.29), “Attitudes, Promoting empathy” (Namp=0.481, Mx1=0, Mx2=26.81, Mx3=0.481), ‘Penetration in empathy’ (Namp=1.533, Mx1=0, Mx2=23.13, Mx3=28.06), ‘Identification in empathy’ (Namp=0.501, Mx1=0, Mx2=24.17, Mx3=26.94). The study confirmed the hypothesis about the relationship between socio-psychological adaptation and empathy in freshmen: students with a high and medium level of adaptation revealed three out of six indicators of empathy, and a statistically significant correlation between these indicators was found.

Conclusions.

The analysis of this problematic is quite relevant, as for students of psychology need the skills of adaptation to the new form of education and in the future the acquired skills of adaptation to the environment will be relevant for them in the future, as well as empathy, since these factors are particularly important for them. Аnd empathy, as these factors are particularly important in the work of a psychologist significant in the work of a psychologist. Also in our modern society today can not do without socio-psychological adaptation skills, because they determine the effectiveness of socialization to a new environment. That is why the study of this aspect is relevant, because the effectiveness of adaptation processes affects further training, as well as the acquisition of new knowledge and the acquisition of the necessary skills in the future in the work in this area. In the course of this study the following conclusions were formulated:

— the relationship between social, socio-psychological

— adaptability and parameters of empathy were, namely, the higher the empathy and its indicators: empathy penetrating ability, attitudes,

— contributing to empathy, identification in empathy, the higher are the indicators of socio-psychological adaptation and its indicators, such as adaptability, self-acceptance and emotional comfort.

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